Rome is a city that effortlessly blends its rich history with deep spiritual significance. For centuries, it has been a beacon for pilgrims seeking to connect with their faith. The Jubilee of 2025 offers an exceptional opportunity to explore the heart of Catholicism, visit world-renowned basilicas, and experience the city’s unparalleled spiritual heritage. Whether you are a devout pilgrim or a curious tourist, the Eternal City has something profound to offer. Below are some of the must-visit religious sites during the Holy Year.
St Peter’s Basilica – The Vatican
Arguably the most iconic religious site in Rome, St Peter’s Basilica stands as a monumental symbol of faith, history, and art. Located in the Vatican City, it is the spiritual heart of the Roman Catholic Church. The basilica is built over the tomb of Saint Peter, one of Jesus’s apostles and the first Pope, making it an important pilgrimage destination. This grand structure features stunning architecture designed by legends like Bramante, Raphael, and Michelangelo, and its interior is adorned with works by Bernini. The Holy Door of St Peter’s Basilica is especially significant during the Jubilee Year, as it is opened by the Pope to mark the beginning of this Holy period. Pilgrims have the unique chance to walk through this door to obtain special blessings. For a deeper dive into the splendor of St Peter’s Basilica, you can read more on our website.
Basilica of Saint John Lateran
Often referred to as the “mother of all churches,” the Basilica of Saint John Lateran holds a unique place in Christian history. It is the Cathedral of Rome and the official ecclesiastical seat of the Pope. Emperor Constantine donated this land to Pope Melchiades in the 4th century as a token of newfound religious freedom. The Papal Archbasilica, initially dedicated to The Most Holy Saviour, was later also dedicated to Saints John the Baptist and John the Evangelist. Despite facing multiple restorations and reconstructions, the basilica maintains its ancient charm. Walking through the expansive nave and marveling at the intricate ceiling work leaves a lasting impact. The Scala Sancta (Holy Stairs) near the basilica, traditionally believed to be the steps Jesus ascended on his way to trial, offers another layer of spiritual experience worth exploring.
Basilica of Saint Mary Major
The Basilica of Saint Mary Major is a treasure trove of religious and artistic history. It is the oldest church dedicated to the Virgin Mary in the Western world and retains its early Christian structure despite centuries of renovations and embellishments. According to tradition, the church marks the spot where the Virgin Mary caused snow to fall in August as a sign to build the basilica. A unique liturgy during the feast day of 5 August commemorates this miraculous snowfall with white rose petals falling from the ceiling. The basilica holds significant relics, including the holy crib, believed to be the manger where Jesus lay. A notable Marian icon, the Salus Populi Romani, resides here and is a focal point of devotion. Pope Francis often prays before this icon before and after his apostolic journeys, adding a contemporary layer to the site’s spiritual significance.
Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls
This monumental basilica, towering in its grandeur and splendor, is built over the tomb of Saint Paul. Emperor Constantine initiated its construction after Christianity was legalized in the Roman Empire. Initially modest, the basilica was expanded dramatically in the 5th century to accommodate increasing pilgrimages. The basilica showcases early Christian mosaics, extensive frescoes, and a magnificent triumphal arch. It was only in the mid-19th century that it took its current majestic form, following a devastating fire. An intriguing relic housed here is the chain believed to have bound Saint Paul while he was under Roman captivity. The expansive courtyard and serene setting make it an oasis of contemplation.
The Jubilee Churches
The Jubilee Year designates specific churches as focal points for pilgrims. These churches not only serve as gathering spots but also host various activities like catechesis sessions in multiple languages, reconciliation, and prayer services. Each of these churches has a unique history and significance that makes them worth visiting.
Sanctuary of Divine Love (Santuario del Divino Amore) stands out as an essential pilgrimage destination located about 12 km from the city center. Known for its miraculous origins dating back to 1740, when a pilgrim was saved by invoking the Madonna, it has been a sanctuary of faith and hope ever since. The sanctuary’s Byzantine icon of the Madonna symbolizes a profound connection between Mary and the Holy Spirit. Each year, the feast of the sanctuary is celebrated at Pentecost, marking a vow made by the Roman citizens during World War II.
Basilica di Sant’Andrea delle Fratte is another notable Jubilee church. Originally built as a medieval place of worship, it underwent significant restoration in the 17th century. Architect Francesco Borromini and sculptor Gian Lorenzo Bernini contributed to its grandeur, making it a treasure trove of baroque artistry. The Chapel of Our Lady of the Miracle in this basilica is particularly significant for its role in the miraculous conversion of Alfonso Ratisbonne in 1842.
Church of Saint Prisca on the Aventine Hill is steeped in Christian tradition. Believed to be located on one of the oldest sites of Christian worship in Rome, it is dedicated to Saint Prisca, who was baptized by Saint Peter at the age of 13. Her intense faith led her to martyrdom, making this church a significant spiritual landmark. According to tradition, both Saints Peter and Paul had a presence at this site, amplifying its historical and spiritual significance.
Basilica of Saints Silvester and Martin in the Monti has a history that dates back to the fourth century. Founded by Pope Sylvester I, it was built on land owned by a priest named Equitius. Over time, the basilica has served as a spiritual hub for various religious communities, including Benedictines, secular clergy, and Carmelite Order. The relics of martyrs from the Catacombs of Priscilla housed in its crypt make it a compelling site for pilgrims.
Basilica of the Holy Cross in Jerusalem
Located in the eastern part of Rome, this basilica is deeply related to Saint Helen, the mother of Emperor Constantine. She dedicated part of her imperial palace to house the relics of the Holy Cross, which she found during her pilgrimage to Jerusalem. These relics, including fragments of the True Cross, have given the basilica its name and significance. The basilica’s simple yet profound design creates an atmosphere conducive to prayer and reflection. Visitors can view precious relics, including a nail from the crucifixion, thorns from the crown of thorns, and small pieces of the cross itself. The historical and spiritual weight carried by these relics makes this basilica a must-visit site for any pilgrim.
Basilica of Saint Sebastian Outside the Walls
This basilica has layers of history painted across its sacred walls. It was initially dedicated to the apostles Peter and Paul, whose relics were hidden here during the Valerian persecution in the 3rd century. It was later dedicated to Saint Sebastian, whose remains are preserved in the adjacent catacombs, drawing numerous pilgrims. Emperor Constantine ordered its construction, and over centuries, it has seen various architectural influences. The Franciscan priests currently take care of this spiritual sanctuary. A touching annual tradition is the solemn ceremony held every 20th January in honor of Saint Sebastian, making it a focal point for devotion.
Sanctuary of Divine Love
The Sanctuary of Divine Love offers a perfect escape from the hustle and bustle of Rome, situated just 12 km from the city. This sanctuary has been an important pilgrimage site since 1740 when a lost pilgrim reported being miraculously saved by invoking the image of the Madonna painted on the tower of Castel di Leva. During World War II, the Roman people vowed to the Madonna to protect their city from destruction, and miraculously, Rome was spared. The sanctuary celebrates this vow during Pentecost each year. The Byzantine icon of the Madonna symbolizes Mary’s special relationship with the Holy Spirit. The sanctuary today, following its expansion in 1999, offers a tranquil spiritual retreat with its rejuvenating atmosphere.
Santa Maria sopra Minerva
Santa Maria sopra Minerva has an intriguing history that takes you back to the early Christian era. The basilica’s roots trace back to a site offered by Pope Zachary to Basilian monks who had fled from the East. With the Dominicans taking over in the 13th century, it evolved into one of Rome’s most significant religious sites. Despite suffering severe damage during the Napoleonic occupation, it has retained its spiritual significance. Inside the basilica is the tomb of Fra Angelico, patron saint of artists. Additionally, the remains of Saint Catherine of Siena, a Doctor of the Church and a patron saint of Rome, Italy, and Europe, rest here. Her memorial service held every 19th January in the Capranica chapel, attracts devotees from far and wide, including the Finnish community, celebrating their patron saint, Henry of Uppsala.
Santa Brigida a Campo de’ Fiori
This quaint church holds an important place in the hearts of the Swedish community in Rome. It was here that Saint Bridget lived with her daughter, Saint Catherine, in the mid-14th century. Over time, the church and residence changed hands multiple times but eventually came under the care of the Bridgettine sisters, thanks to efforts by Pope Pius XI. The church today serves as the national church of Sweden and has undergone numerous restorations to preserve its historical and spiritual essence. Each visit offers a glimpse into the life and works of Saint Bridget, making it a compelling stop for pilgrims and history enthusiasts alike.
Santa Maria della Vittoria
Santa Maria della Vittoria is a perfect blend of art and spirituality. The church stands on a site originally owned by a Jewish banker who, in 1493, faced public outrage for desecrating a sacred image. The present church, constructed with financial aid from the same banker, commemorates a significant victory against the Bohemians at the Battle of White Mountain in 1620. The highlight of the church is undoubtedly the sculpture of the Ecstasy of Saint Teresa of Avila by Gian Lorenzo Bernini. This masterpiece captures a divine moment from St. Teresa’s life, making the church a profound site for religious contemplation. The miraculous image of Mary and Baby Jesus, saved from the battle, adds another layer of miraculous history that permeates the atmosphere.
Trinità dei Monti
Situated atop the famous Spanish Steps, Trinità dei Monti offers a panoramic view of Rome. Founded initially as Trinità del Monte, the church owes its existence to French financial support. It was consecrated by Pope Sixtus V who also commissioned a road to connect the church to the Basilica of Saint Mary Major. A unique feature is the two-flight staircase designed by Domenico Fontana, now known as the Spanish Steps, ensuring easy access to this architectural marvel. The adjacent convent founded by St. Francis of Paula adds further historical depth. Every January 20th, a solemn ceremony marking the feast of Saint Sebastian takes place here, emphasizing the church’s spiritual prominence.
Santa Cecilia in Trastevere
Brimming with ancient Christian history, Santa Cecilia in Trastevere is built atop the house of the saint who was martyred for her faith. Pope Urban I, who witnessed her suffering, consecrated her house as a church. The relics housed in the crypt, including those of Saint Cecilia, are a focal point for pilgrims. A statue by Stefano Maderno, depicting Saint Cecilia’s miraculous preservation in a virgin state, adds a touch of artistic magnificence. With centuries of renovations, the church stands today as a testimony to unwavering faith and extraordinary miracles experienced by early Christians. It’s a tangible link to the trials and triumphs of one of Rome’s beloved saints.
Sant’Agostino in Campo Marzio
Built with stones from the Colosseum, the Basilica of Saint Augustine combines artistic brilliance with spiritual depth. Commissioned by Cardinal Guglielmo d’Estouteville and built by Jacopo da Pietrasanta in 1483, it houses invaluable frescoes by Raphael and works by Caravaggio. The church’s library, the Biblioteca Angelica, is a haven for scholars and history buffs. The chapel featuring Orazio Torriani’s design and Caravaggio’s “Madonna of the Pilgrims” make this basilica an artistic and spiritual gem. It’s a place that not only tells the story of Saint Augustine’s vision of a just and noble world but also serves as a beacon of inspiration and faith.
Santa Maria in Vallicella
The Chiesa Nuova or Santa Maria in Vallicella has a rich history dating back to Saint Gregory the Great. Renowned for its miraculous image, Madonna della Vallicella, the church has seen numerous moments of divine interventions. It became a significant oratory under Saint Philip Neri after Pope Gregory XIII’s papal bull in 1575. Despite being expropriated in the 19th century, it was restored to sacred use in 1905. The church continues to inspire with its history of miracles, the incredible stories of Saint Philip Neri, and its architectural splendor.
The Jubilee of 2025 is your chance to delve into the spirituality, history, and breathtaking artistry of Rome’s religious heritage. Each basilica and church on this list promises a unique spiritual experience, intertwining faith and history in ways that few places on Earth can offer. Whether you seek solace, inspiration, or a deeper connection with your faith, Rome’s sacred sites provide a journey worth undertaking.